Clinical Imaging 3

Module title	Clinical Imaging 3
Module code	PAM2004
Academic year	2019/0
Credits	20
Module staff	Ms Sue McAnulla (Convenor) Dr Christine Heales (Convenor)

Duration: Term	1	2	3
Duration: Weeks	12		2

Number students taking module (anticipated)	64

Module description

This module aims to develop knowledge of the science and technology underpinning 2-D and 3-D radionuclide imaging, ultrasound and MRI, and of the principles of safe practice in using these various modalities. The module further aims to provide practical training in interpretation of the images that arise from these modalities.

Module aims - intentions of the module

This module aims to equip you with a fundamental understanding of the roles of nuclear medicine, MRI and ultrasound within the field of medical imaging to underpin appropriate decision-making when justifying imaging requests. The module also aims to develop safe practice within these modalities so that you have appropriate awareness of restrictions, ethics, legislation and professionalism to be able to maintain the safety of yourself and others present in the imaging environment.

Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)

ILO: Module-specific skills

On successfully completing the module you will be able to...

1. Explain the basic physical principles of radionuclide imaging, diagnostic ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
2. Describe the explain the design and function of systems for provision of two-dimensional and three-dimensional radionuclide imaging, medical ultrasonography and MRI
3. Describe potential hazards and the systems and governance for safe and ethical working in the conduct of radionuclide imaging procedures, ultrasonography and MRI
4. Outline a range of radionuclide imaging, ultrasonography and MRI procedures including advantages and limitations of each.
5. Identify common pathology on radionuclide, ultrasound and MRI images

ILO: Discipline-specific skills

On successfully completing the module you will be able to...

6. use IT packages for image viewing
7. Use appropriate sources of information to develop own knowledge;

ILO: Personal and key skills

On successfully completing the module you will be able to...

8. manage time and, with some guidance, prioritise workloads;
9. use problem-solving skills in practical situations.

Syllabus plan

Whilst the module’s precise content may vary from year to year, an example of an overall structure is as follows:

Principles of nuclear medicine

Principles of 2D radionuclide imaging.

Design and operating principles of the gamma camera.

Outline of 3D radionuclide imaging (PET and SPECT).

Nuclear medicine techniques and applications

Radiopharmaceuticals: production, requirements, choice of isotope and activity

Tagging, physiological uptake and half-life.

Data processing.

Standard equipment.

Standard imaging procedures.

Patient care, safe and efficient practice.

Radiation-protection regulations and legislation.

Evaluation and interpretation of images: level of normal anatomy and physiology demonstrated, normal and pathological examples.

Ultrasound

Physical principles.

Heating and cavitation: patient hazards.

Standard equipment.

Standard imaging procedures: A scan, B scan, M scan.

Patient care, safe and efficient practice.

Evaluation and interpretation of images: level of normal anatomy demonstrated, normal and pathological examples.

Ultrasound contrast agents: principles and applications

Advanced ultrasound techniques

Doppler flowmetry: principles, equipment and interpretation.

Doppler imaging: principles, equipment and interpretation.

Echocardiography: principles, equipment and interpretation.

Elastography

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Outline of physical principles.

Patient hazards: static magnetic field, switching magnetic fields, r.f. heating.

Standard equipment.

Standard imaging sequences.

Patient care, safe and efficient practice.

Evaluation and interpretation of images: level of normal anatomy demonstrated, normal and pathological examples.

MRI contrast agents: principles and applications

Practical image interpretation

Examples from nuclear medicine, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging procedures.

Learning activities and teaching methods (given in hours of study time)

Scheduled Learning and Teaching Activities	Guided independent study	Placement / study abroad
41	159	0

Details of learning activities and teaching methods

Category	Hours of study time	Description
Scheduled learning and teaching activities	28	28x1-hour lectures
Scheduled learning and teaching activities	12	Practical sessions
Scheduled learning and teaching activities	1	Tutorial support
Guided Independent Study	20	Directed background reading
Guided Independent Study	139	Reading, private study and revision

Formative assessment

Form of assessment	Size of the assessment (eg length / duration)	ILOs assessed	Feedback method
ELE quizzes during class	0	4-9	Computer generated

Summative assessment (% of credit)

Coursework	Written exams	Practical exams
50	50	0

Details of summative assessment

Form of assessment	% of credit	Size of the assessment (eg length / duration)	ILOs assessed	Feedback method
Essay	50	1500 words	3,4,7,8	Written
Written Examination	50	2 hours	1-5	iExeter and ELE

Details of re-assessment (where required by referral or deferral)

Original form of assessment	Form of re-assessment	ILOs re-assessed	Timescale for re-assessment
Written Examination	Written Examination	1-5	August/September assessment period
Essay	Essay	3,4,7,8	August/September assessment period

Indicative learning resources - Basic reading

Not applicable

Indicative learning resources - Web based and electronic resources

http://vle.exeter.ac.uk/

Indicative learning resources - Other resources

Kim, E. (2012), Handbook of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging: principles and clinical applications, World Scientific, ISBN 9789814366236
Kremkau F.W. (2016), Sonography: Principles and Instruments (9^th edition), Saunders, ISBN 978-0323322713
McRobbie D.W. et al. (2017), MRI from Picture to Proton (3^rd edition), Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9781107706958
Powsner R.A. Palmer M.R. and Powsner E.R (2013), Essentials of Nuclear Medicine Physics (3^rd edition)., Wiley Blackwell, ISBN 978-0470905500
Sharp P.F., Gemmell H.G. and Murray A.D. (2005), Practical Nuclear Medicine (3^rd edition), Springer, ISBN 1-852-33875-X
Society and College of Radiographers (2019), Safety in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Society and College of Radiographers, ISBN 978-1-909802-31-5
Westbrook C. (2018), MRI in Practice (5^th edition), Wiley Blackwell, ISBN 978-1-119-39196-8

Key words search

Medical Imaging; Imaging; Interpretations; Procedures; Practical; Resonance; Systems; Standards; Equipment; Medicine;

Credit value	20
Module ECTS	10
NQF level (module)	5
Available as distance learning?	No
Origin date	01/09/2004
Last revision date	19/07/2019