Musculoskeletal Pathology
| Module title | Musculoskeletal Pathology |
|---|---|
| Module code | PAMM101 |
| Academic year | 2019/0 |
| Credits | 15 |
| Module staff | Martin Benwell (Convenor) Dr Christine Heales (Convenor) |
| Duration: Term | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Duration: Weeks | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Number students taking module (anticipated) | 20 |
|---|
Module description
This module will introduce you to a range of pathological conditions associated with the musculoskeletal system and develop your understanding and identification of the typical radiological appearances. These will include degenerative and erosive arthritis, metabolic and inflammatory disease, benign and malignant tumours, congenital and genetic disease and other common miscellaneous diseases. It will consolidate your understanding of osteology and allow you to apply it to pathological processes.
Students undertaking this module should be familiar with projection radiography images and have an understanding of anatomy and physiology.
Module aims - intentions of the module
This module will ensure that you have a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis and radiographic appearances of the various pathologies and conditions which can affect the musculoskeletal system. You will consequently apply this knowledge of the underlying pathological processes in order to arrive at an accurate interpretation of the radiographic appearances.
The module also aims to support you in developing your knowledge of osseous development through to skeletal maturity and apply this to your understanding of a range of pathological processes such as fracture healing and bone metabolism.
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)
ILO: Module-specific skills
On successfully completing the module you will be able to...
- 1. Recognise a range of typical radiographic appearances and common pathological processes on projection radiographs of the musculoskeletal system, linking to clinical presentation and risk factors.
- 2. Working from the current evidence-base, identify radiographic appearances relative to normal osseous development and in relation to physiological processes.
- 3. Apply advanced knowledge and undertake analysis of appropriate information in order to develop a deep understanding of the underlying physiological and pathological processes which result in differing radiological appearances as demonstrated on projection radiographs.
- 4. Produce a written report which is clinically useful and relative to the clinical questions the radiographic examination is intended to answer.
ILO: Discipline-specific skills
On successfully completing the module you will be able to...
- 5. Use medical vocabulary and accurate terminology to describe image findings precisely in all teaching and learning activities.
- 6. Undertake analysis of complex image findings and cases and apply advanced theoretical knowledge in the evaluation of findings in the context of the most recent evidence-base.
- 7. Evaluate the context of the radiological report in light of the clinical indications and how it may impact on the subsequent management of the patient.
ILO: Personal and key skills
On successfully completing the module you will be able to...
- 8. Identify, evaluate and maintain qualities to support effective communication in a range of complex and specialised contexts
- 9. Exercise initiative and personal responsibility for independent learning and continuing professional development.
Syllabus plan
Whilst the module’s precise content may vary from year to year, an example of an overall structure is as follows:
This module will introduce students to a wide range of musculoskeletal pathologies and will enable the development of a comprehensive appreciation of the typical associated radiological appearances.
Normal osseous development of the skeleton; this will cover ossification, bone formation and normal skeletal development. The osteology of fracture healing will also be included.
Bone metabolism: exploring normal bone metabolism and how the various metabolic bone diseases impact on the skeleton and the common radiological appearances. Examples of the disorders would include osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hyperparathyroidism and renal disease.
Other pathologies covered in the module include:
Arthritis; degenerative joint disease, inflammatory arthritis such as Rheumatoid Arthritis and the seronegative arthropathies (i.e. ankylosing spondylitis). The pathogenesis of the various arthritis will be correlated with radiological appearances.
Neoplasms: both benign and aggressive bone tumours. Students will be equipped with the knowledge to be able to differentiate between the different types of bone tumours using clinical information and radiographic appearances. They will gain an appreciation of the pathological processes involved and potential complications that may be associated with tumours of bone.
Other skeletal pathologies in the syllabus include; common congenital dysplasia’s, osteomyelitis and peripheral neuropathy associated with diabetes and effects on the appendicular skeleton.
Learning activities and teaching methods (given in hours of study time)
| Scheduled Learning and Teaching Activities | Guided independent study | Placement / study abroad |
|---|---|---|
| 25 | 125 | 0 |
Details of learning activities and teaching methods
| Category | Hours of study time | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Scheduled Learning & Teaching activities | 15 | Lectures - to be delivered over five 2-day teaching blocks, with 2 hours of lectures or seminars each day |
| Scheduled Learning & Teaching activities | 10 | Image viewing/test banks |
| Guided independent study | 75 | Assessment preparation |
| Guided independent study | 50 | Guided reading |
Formative assessment
| Form of assessment | Size of the assessment (eg length / duration) | ILOs assessed | Feedback method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Image interpretation | 3 test banks | 1,2,4,5,6,8,9 | Verbal |
Summative assessment (% of credit)
| Coursework | Written exams | Practical exams |
|---|---|---|
| 100 | 0 | 0 |
Details of summative assessment
| Form of assessment | % of credit | Size of the assessment (eg length / duration) | ILOs assessed | Feedback method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poster and presentation | 100 | 15 minute individual presentation | 1-9 | Written |
Details of re-assessment (where required by referral or deferral)
| Original form of assessment | Form of re-assessment | ILOs re-assessed | Timescale for re-assessment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poster and presentation | 15 minute individual presentation resubmission of the original work | 1-9 | Typically within twelve weeks of the result |
Re-assessment notes
Indicative learning resources - Basic reading
1. Adam, A., Dixon, A. K., Gillard, J. H. and Schaefer-Prokop, C. M. eds., 2015. Grainger And Allison’s Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook Of Medical Imaging. 6th ed. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. EHL (NHS): WN 100 GRA Vol 1 and WN 100 GRA Vol 2 (Print)
2. Dähnert, W., 2017. Radiology Review Manual. 8th ed. Wolters Kluwer. UL: 616.0757 DAH (Print)
3. Davies, S. G. ed, 2014. Chapman And Nakielny’s Aids To Radiological Differential Diagnosis. 6th ed. Saunders. UL: electronic resource.
4. Helms, C., 2014. Fundamentals Of Skeletal Radiology. 4th ed. Elsevier Saunders. UL: electronic resource.
5. Keats, T. E. and Anderson, M. W., 2013. Atlas Of Normal Roentgen Variants That May Simulate Disease. 9th ed. Elsevier Saunders. UL: electronic resource.
6. Manaster, B. J., 2016. Diagnostic Imaging: Musculoskeletal: Non-Traumatic Disease. 2nd ed. Elsevier. UL: electronic resource.
7. McConnell, J., Eyres, R. and Nightingale, J., 2005. Interpreting Trauma Radiographs. Blackwell. UL: 616.0757 MAC
8. Raby, N., Berman, L., Morley, S. and de Lacey, G., 2015. Accident And Emergency Radiology: A Survival Guide. 3rd ed. Saunders. UL: 616.0757 RAB
9. Renton, P., 1998. Orthopaedic Radiology: Pattern Recognition And Differential Diagnosis. 2nd ed. CRC Press. UL: 616.0757 REN
10. Resnick, D., 2002. Diagnosis Of Bone And Joint Disorders. 4th ed. WB Saunders. UL: 616.71075 RES (Vol 1 through to Vol 5)
11. Rogers, L. F. and Clark West, O., 2015. Imaging Skeletal Trauma. 4th ed. Elsevier Saunders. UL: electronic resource.
ELE – http://vle.exeter.ac.uk/course/view.php?id=6299
| Credit value | 15 |
|---|---|
| Module ECTS | 7.5 |
| Module pre-requisites | N/A |
| Module co-requisites | None |
| NQF level (module) | 7 |
| Available as distance learning? | No |
| Origin date | 05/11/2015 |
| Last revision date | 17/12/2019 |